Idea, orizzonte, totalità: verso una cosmologia fenomenologica

Abstract

The article focuses on Husserl's phenomenology after referring to Kant's critique of metaphysical cosmology and highlighting the potential and limits of Kant's analysis through a reading of Fink. In particular, it analyses the fundamental concept of the horizon, through which Husserl attempts to think about the problem of the world in order to emphasise its richness and originality compared to the Kantian position. However, the Husserlian concept of the horizon also runs into substantial limitations, which prevent it from adequately accounting for the phenomenon of the world. These limitations also illustrate the problems that later phenomenologists had to deal with and the demands that a phenomenological cosmology must fulfil. The article's last part quickly outlines the features of these phenomenological cosmologies, mainly through Patočka's thought, according to which the world must be thought of as an original totality and as the true locus of the transcendental insofar as it is the condition of every experience and every single manifestation.